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Mailman, appends the headers List-Id, List-Owner, List-Post, List-Subscribe, List-Unsubscribe, List-Help, List-Archive, Precedence, Sender, and Reply-To, by default. It can also add Errors-To, X-BeenThere and X-Mailman-Version.

ezmlm prepends the headers Reply-To:, Precedence:, Mailing-List: . Some ezmlm lists seem to rename the old Message-Id header to X-Message-Id and create a new one.

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Yahoo! Groups adds X-Originating-Ip, X-Yahoo-Profile, Mailing-List, Delivered-To, Precedence, List-Unsubscribe, X-Sender, X-Apparently-To and sometimes X-Egroups-From. Some headers are appended, some are prepended.

Many list manager can be configured to add some kind of tag in front of the Subject. Some might also mangle the Reply-To header.

Relays

MS Exchange will reformat From, To, Received, and Message-Id headers, and may remove headers and even entire MIME parts, depending on its configuration.

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X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by dogma.slashnull.org id h33M4ac02828

Exim can be configured to prepend Envelope-to, Delivery-date and Delivery-time headers (only the first word is upper cased).

qmail prepends (before the Received header) a Delivered-To header on delivery.

fetchmail appends an X-UIDL header for POP3 accounts unless configured otherwise. It also tends to add it's own Received line just before the topmost Received header in the mail (eg. if qmail added a header sequence Delivered-To:...\nReceived:..., fetchmail will add it's own header in between).

Almost all MTAs will add Date and Message-Id headers if not already present, and will qualify unqualified addresses (no hostname) in the From, To and CC headers. The last SMTP relay usually prepends the Return-Path.

Mail Services

GMX appends the headers X-GMX-Antivirus and X-GMX-Antispam.

Filters

SpamAssassin adds the headers X-Spam-Status, X-Spam-Level, X-Spam-Checker-Version and (conditionally) X-Spam-Flag; SA 2.6x allows complex control over what headers can be added.

AMaViS adds the header X-Virus-Scanned.

Many user-defined filters add an X-Loop header to avoid mail looping.

MUAs

Evolution appends the header X-Evolution.

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