Nutch's plugin system is based on the one used in Eclipse 2.x. Plugins are central to how Nutch works. All of the parsing, indexing and searching that Nutch does is actually accomplished by various plugins.
In writing a plugin, you're actually providing one or more extensions of the existing extension-points . The core Nutch extension-points are themselves defined in a plugin, the NutchExtensionPoints plugin (they are listed in the NutchExtensionPoints plugin.xml file). Each extension-point defines an interface that must be implemented by the extension. The core extension points are:
- IndexWriter – Writes crawled data to a specific indexing backends (Solr, ElasticSearch, a CVS file, etc.).
- IndexingFilter – Permits one to add metadata to the indexed fields. All plugins found which implement this extension point are run sequentially on the parse (from javadoc).
- Exchange – Allows to route a document during indexing to a specific index writer if there are multiple index writers.
- Parser – Parser implementations read through fetched documents in order to extract data to be indexed. This is what you need to implement if you want Nutch to be able to parse a new type of content, or extract more data from currently parseable content.
- HtmlParseFilter – Permits one to add additional metadata to HTML parses (from javadoc).
- Protocol – Protocol implementations allow Nutch to use different protocols (ftp, http, etc.) to fetch documents, see ProtocolImplementations.
- URLFilter – URLFilter implementations limit the URLs that Nutch attempts to fetch. The RegexURLFilter distributed with Nutch provides a great deal of control over what URLs Nutch crawls, however if you have very complicated rules about what URLs you want to crawl, you can write your own implementation.
- URLNormalizer – Interface used to convert URLs to normal form and optionally perform substitutions.
- ScoringFilter – A contract defining behavior of scoring plugins. A scoring filter will manipulate scoring variables in CrawlDatum and in resulting search indexes. Filters can be chained in a specific order, to provide multi-stage scoring adjustments.
- SegmentMergeFilter – Interface used to filter segments during segment merge. It allows filtering on more sophisticated criteria than just URLs. In particular it allows filtering based on metadata collected while parsing page.
Updated to Nutch apidocs version 1.818
Source Files
You'll find the following inside of a plugin source directory:
- A plugin.xml file that tells Nutch about the plugin.
- A build.xml file that tells ant how to build the plugin.
- A ivy.xml file that describes any dependencies required by the plugin. These are subsequently managed by Apache Ivy.
- The source code of the plugin.
Getting Nutch to Use a Plugin
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